• Main News
  • About Us
  • Contact
Premium Times Opinion
Friday, August 12, 2022
  • Home
  • Democracy and Governance
    • Bámidélé Upfront
    • Jibrin Ibrahim
    • Okey Ndibe
  • Economy
    • Ifeanyi Uddin
  • Issues of the Day
    • Adeolu Ademoyo
    • Aribisala on Tuesday
    • Dele Agekameh
    • Pius Adesanmi
  • Politics
    • Ebeneezer Obadare
    • Femi Fani-Kayode
    • Garba Shehu
    • Hannatu Musawa
    • Zainab Suleiman Okino
  • Guest Columns
  • Faith
    • Article of Faith
    • Sunday Ogidigbo
    • Friday Sermon
    • Elevated Sight
  • Home
  • Democracy and Governance
    • Bámidélé Upfront
    • Jibrin Ibrahim
    • Okey Ndibe
  • Economy
    • Ifeanyi Uddin
  • Issues of the Day
    • Adeolu Ademoyo
    • Aribisala on Tuesday
    • Dele Agekameh
    • Pius Adesanmi
  • Politics
    • Ebeneezer Obadare
    • Femi Fani-Kayode
    • Garba Shehu
    • Hannatu Musawa
    • Zainab Suleiman Okino
  • Guest Columns
  • Faith
    • Article of Faith
    • Sunday Ogidigbo
    • Friday Sermon
    • Elevated Sight
No Result
View All Result
Premium Times Opinion
Home Opinion

From Wuhan to West Africa: Living In An Era of Infectious Disease Outbreaks, By Adaeze C. Oreh

by Premium Times
January 28, 2020
Reading Time: 6 mins read
0

The importance of public health security might well be best highlighted by pointing out that infectious diseases are undeterred by the most robust of military systems, and thus have the capacity to undermine a nation’s sovereignty no matter how powerful. Nations would do well to note this and act decisively and proactively to ensure health security…

The ongoing new corona virus (nCov) outbreak that was first reported in Wuhan, China, mid-December 2019, causes a pneumonia-like illness and has so far killed about eighty-two people, including a medical specialist, and infected over 2800 people. That number is steadily on the rise. The break-neck speed at which the virus has spread to about thirteen countries including Australia, France and the United States speaks to how interconnected the world has become, and a suspected case has just been reported in Abidjan. This reflects how wary we all must be about global health security, which basically means being ready to detect new threats early and prevent outbreaks.

Chinese authorities, in a desperate bid to curb the rampant spread of the virus, have implemented travel bans, cancelled Lunar new year festivities, postponed the resumption of schools and have quarantined up to an astounding 60 million people, despite heightened health checks of passengers from China all over the world. Chinese health systems are overwhelmed, with teeming numbers of suspected cases flooding hospitals and many left untreated in a situation that is generating significant anger among citizens.

While it remains to be confirmed whether the virus, which has not been previously associated with humans, originated from snakes as suggested by some researchers, it is now clear that it is rapidly spreading from person to person. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), signs of infection could vary from mild respiratory illness to pneumonia, kidney failure and death in more severe cases.

According to Anthony Fauci, director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), another coronavirus that killed almost 800 people between 2002 and 2003 in mainland China, Hong Kong and several other countries, disappeared due to a strong public health response. However, in a highly interconnected world where public health systems vary from region to region, as the saying goes, “we are only as strong as our weakest link”.

The most recent Ebola virus outbreak was declared in August 2018 in the Democratic Republic of Congo and has led to the deaths of more than 2,200 people since then. Relatively eroded health systems borne out of decades of conflict consistently undermined the outbreak response, leading to a prolonged epidemic. However, by using robust, responsive community-based systems, countries like Uganda and Rwanda limited the spread of Ebola from the DRC into their countries. This they accomplished by training tens of thousands of community leaders and volunteers in border areas and vaccinating those at risk.

While not every country has the ability, financial or otherwise to conceive, build and equip a 1000-bed hospital in fourteen days, national governments must at the very least dedicate resources for epidemic preparedness at national borders and in health facilities at national, state and district levels, and screening travellers at international and domestic airports…

Between 2014 and 2016, the West African Ebola outbreak that engulfed Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea, with a brief stint in Nigeria, killed more than 11,000 people and cost over USD $4.3 billion in foreign aid and as much as USD $53 billion in social and economic costs.

In many parts of the world, even during highly publicised disease outbreaks, movements across international borders continue largely unhindered, providing a means of easy transmission of deadly organisms. In August 2015, during the West African Ebola crisis, I recall attending a regional meeting in South-West Nigeria where, to our dismay and alarm, a participant from Liberia, where Ebola was still raging at the time, informed us that she had not been subjected to any screening measure throughout her journey. Similarly, Nigeria’s first Ebola case flew in from Liberia while infected and sick. This demonstrates the ease with which deadly outbreaks can spread rapidly due to laxity at international borders. A lengthy outbreak in Nigeria was quashed by a multi-faceted response by Nigerian health authorities, supported by global health organisations.

While not every country has the ability, financial or otherwise to conceive, build and equip a 1000-bed hospital in fourteen days, national governments must at the very least dedicate resources for epidemic preparedness at national borders and in health facilities at national, state and district levels, and screening travellers at international and domestic airports, seaports, railway stations and bus stations. Putting greater surveillance systems in place will detect symptomatic travellers earlier for further testing and treatment. Information dissemination to the public on the outbreak response is vital in epidemic preparedness, as uncertainty and a lack of information facilitate the spread of infection and increase otherwise avoidable death tolls.

Given the highly volatile nature and pervasive conflict in much of the world, including Nigeria, it is important to proactively prepare for the possibility of infectious disease outbreaks in order to prevent significant casualties.

Despite what might appear to be a painful upfront cost, health security investments must be made because any outbreak has the potential to significantly disrupt, not only healthcare systems, but also trade, tourism, energy, civil protection, transport and agriculture.

Whilst the capital outlay required for this advance preparedness will be substantial, the economic consequences of rampant outbreaks of infectious disease will be even more immense and with dire consequences. To illustrate this, since the news of the new corona virus outbreak, financial markets, including Wall Street, have plummeted, with billions of dollars in investments lost due to fears of the consequences of the rapid spread of the virus on the global economy.

Despite what might appear to be a painful upfront cost, health security investments must be made because any outbreak has the potential to significantly disrupt, not only healthcare systems, but also trade, tourism, energy, civil protection, transport and agriculture. To demonstrate the staggering scale of the wildfire-like spread such as is occurring now in China, the recent cancellation of the Chinese Lunar new year Spring Festival celebrations, which typically attracts millions of Chinese travellers, is a desperate and unprecedented move by the Chinese government and has temporarily strangled what was historically described as the “biggest human migration on the planet”.

As global leaders return to their respective countries from the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, a vital line of action that must be taken is shoring up the strength of national and global health security mechanisms. That virus reported in faraway China, now appears to be in Africa, illustrating that today’s world is undoubtedly a global village.

The importance of public health security might well be best highlighted by pointing out that infectious diseases are undeterred by the most robust of military systems, and thus have the capacity to undermine a nation’s sovereignty no matter how powerful. Nations would do well to note this and act decisively and proactively to ensure health security and prevent a true nightmare scenario.

Adaeze Oreh, a family physician, senior health policy advisor and public health expert, is a 2019 Senior Aspen New Voices Fellow.

Tope picture credit: Shutterstock.

Share this:

  • Tweet
  • Email
  • Print
  • More
  • Pocket
  • Share on Tumblr

Related

Previous Post

Why APC and PDP Must Be Deregistered, By ‘Tope Fasua

Next Post

One Year After the Lassa Fever Conference: Are We Rising To the Challenge?, By Chikwe Ihekweazu

Related Posts

Zamfara Gold As Commonwealth, By Zailani Bappa
Opinion

Sheikh Gumi, Governor Matawalle and the Sands of Time, By Zailani Bappa

February 2, 2021
June 12 As Democracy Day Needs To Be Reconsidered, By Bashir Tofa
Opinion

The Need To Act Now To Stop the Ethnic Conflagration!, By Bashir Othman Tofa

February 2, 2021
Kofi Annan: In Service of the World, By Ejeviome Eloho Otobo & Oseloka H. Obaze
Opinion

Biden’s Likely Policy Orientation Toward Africa, By Ejeviome E. Otobo and Oseloka H. Obaze

February 2, 2021
Agenda for ‘Born Again’ JAMB and TETFUND, By Tunde Musibau Akanni
Opinion

Oyeweso, A Celebrated Historian, Ascends the Sixth Floor, By Tunde Akanni

February 2, 2021
Before Nigeria Burns, By Akin Fadeyi
Opinion

Is President Buhari Presiding Over the Last United Nigeria?, By Akin Fadeyi

February 2, 2021
On A Soyinka Prize In ‘Illiteracy’, By Biko Agozino
Opinion

Obasanjo: Only Those Who Did Not Do Well Went Into the Military, By Biko Agozino

February 1, 2021
Next Post
Two Years On, Building NCDC Is Work In Progress, By Chikwe Ihekweazu

One Year After the Lassa Fever Conference: Are We Rising To the Challenge?, By Chikwe Ihekweazu

What Exactly Is Babangida Saying?, By Reuben Abati

Kobe Bryant and Other Stories, By Reuben Abati 

Editorial

  • EDITORIAL: The Urgency of Tackling Nigeria’s Second Wave of COVID-19

    EDITORIAL: The Urgency of Tackling Nigeria’s Second Wave of COVID-19

  • EDITORIAL: Unearthing the Cogent Lessons In the NESG-CBN Economic Policy Imbroglio

    EDITORIAL: Unearthing the Cogent Lessons In the NESG-CBN Economic Policy Imbroglio

  • EDITORIAL: COVID-19: Calling On Nigeria’s Billionaires and Religious Leaders To Step Up

    EDITORIAL: COVID-19: Calling On Nigeria’s Billionaires and Religious Leaders To Step Up

  • EDITORIAL: Bichi Must Go; Buhari Must Halt Slide Into Despotism

    EDITORIAL: Bichi Must Go; Buhari Must Halt Slide Into Despotism

  • EDITORIAL: The Flaws In Governor Emefiele’s Five-Year Plan For Central Bank of Nigeria

    EDITORIAL: The Flaws In Governor Emefiele’s Five-Year Plan For Central Bank of Nigeria

Subscribe to our Opinion articles via email

Enter your email address to get notifications of new opinion articles as they are published.

Join 526,543 other subscribers

Most Popular

  • The Bad Consequences and Dangers of Adultery and Fornication (Zina) In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
    The Bad Consequences and Dangers of Adultery and Fornication (Zina) In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
  • Islam and the Conditions For Marrying More Than One Wife, By Murtadha Gusau
    Islam and the Conditions For Marrying More Than One Wife, By Murtadha Gusau
  • The Importance Of Keeping Secrets In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
    The Importance Of Keeping Secrets In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
  • Showing Gratitude To Allah For His Bounties, Blessings and Favours, By Murtadha Gusau
    Showing Gratitude To Allah For His Bounties, Blessings and Favours, By Murtadha Gusau
  • The Women Prohibited For Men To Marry In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
    The Women Prohibited For Men To Marry In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
  • You Will Be Held Responsible On What Happened To Your Children!, By Murtadha Gusau
    You Will Be Held Responsible On What Happened To Your Children!, By Murtadha Gusau
  • The Qualities of a Good Leader In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau
    The Qualities of a Good Leader In Islam, By Murtadha Gusau

Like us on Facebook

Like us on Facebook

Podcasts

Advertisement

Advertisement

Advertisement

  • Main News
  • About Us
  • Contact

© 2022 JNews - Premium WordPress news & magazine theme by Jegtheme.

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Democracy and Governance
    • Bámidélé Upfront
    • Jibrin Ibrahim
    • Okey Ndibe
  • Economy
    • Ifeanyi Uddin
  • Issues of the Day
    • Adeolu Ademoyo
    • Aribisala on Tuesday
    • Dele Agekameh
    • Pius Adesanmi
  • Politics
    • Ebeneezer Obadare
    • Femi Fani-Kayode
    • Garba Shehu
    • Hannatu Musawa
    • Zainab Suleiman Okino
  • Guest Columns
  • Faith
    • Article of Faith
    • Sunday Ogidigbo
    • Friday Sermon
    • Elevated Sight

© 2022 JNews - Premium WordPress news & magazine theme by Jegtheme.

This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.
 

Loading Comments...